What is a common result of refractory periodontitis?

• A. Chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis
• B. Gingival hyperplasia
• C. Tooth mobility without bone loss
• D. Halitosis

Answer: (A)

Refractory periodontitis means the disease continues despite standard therapy, so you look for persistent inflammation and tissue changes around the teeth. In dogs, a classic mucosal manifestation of this ongoing inflammatory state is chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis, where the mucosa adjacent to the affected teeth becomes chronically ulcerated and inflamed, often on the buccal surfaces near molars and premolars in young dogs. This lesion reflects a persistent plaque-driven inflammatory/immune response that therapy struggles to fully control, making it a representative result of a refractory course. It isn’t simply gingival overgrowth, nor is it typically described as tooth mobility without bone loss; halitosis can occur with periodontal disease in general but isn’t as characteristic or defining as the mucosal ulceration seen in this refractory scenario.